Indiana Notary Public Practice Exam

In which circumstance is a notarization considered invalid?

1. The signer appears without identification

2. The signer is not in physical attendance

3. The signer's identity is confirmed through a credible witness

4. The document is a true copy with an affidavit

The correct answer is: The signer is not in physical attendance

A notarization is deemed invalid when the signer is not in physical attendance, as the fundamental role of a notary public is to verify the identity of the signer at the time of signing. The presence of the signer is essential to ensure that they are willingly and knowingly signing the document. This requirement safeguards against fraud and ensures that the notary can perform their duty to witness the act. In contrast, when a signer appears without identification, it creates a circumstance where the notary cannot verify the identity, potentially invalidating the notarization; however, this situation differs from being physically absent. The option regarding confirming the signer's identity through a credible witness is valid under specific conditions—so long as the notary follows the proper procedures related to credible witnesses. Also, notarizing a true copy with an affidavit is acceptable as long as all procedural guidelines are met, including the notarial acts involved. Therefore, physical absence stands out as a clear criterion for invalidation of the notarization process.